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            [slug] => gentis-tai-tro-tai-hoi-nghi-khoa-hoc-2022-benh-vien-san-nhi-nghe-an
            [title] => GENTIS sponsors at Scientific Conference 2022 - Nghe An Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital
            [description] => On December 10, 2022, Nghe An Health Sector will hold a national scientific conference on Obstetrics - Pediatrics with many participants from all over the country. GENTIS is honored to co-sponsor at the Conference and bring remarkable testing products and services in the field of Obstetrics - Pediatrics.
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The expanded scientific conference of Nghe An Obstetrics - Pediatrics in 2022 co-organized by Nghe An Department of Health and Nghe An Obstetrics and Children's Hospital will take place on December 10, 2022. The conference attracted the attention and attendance of more than 500 guests across the country, promising to have many special things in terms of professional content and organization.
Accordingly, the Conference was organized for the purpose of strengthening and further promoting the role of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics majors in the care and protection of people's health; timely update of scientific and technical advances, new applications in expertise. At the same time, it is an opportunity to exchange and share information from leading experts and colleagues in Obstetrics - Pediatrics working at Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospitals / Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospitals / Children's Hospitals across the country.
Guests and participants of the Conference are experts working in the field of health, medical examination and treatment throughout the country; especially the presence of experts from the Ministry of Health and leading specialized hospitals such as: National Hospital of Pediatrics, National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Hospital 1, Children's Hospital 2, Tu Du Hospital... as well as specialists in pharmacy, medical supplies, science and technology, social management...
The upcoming conference will have a variety of professional reports, including: Obstetrics, gynecology, and pediatric surgery; anesthesia resuscitation; Heart; Respiratory; resuscitation; Infectious; infection control; image analysation; functional exploration; Traditional medicine, rehabilitation; testing, pathology; Nursing and taking care of patients; Hospital quality management; Information technology…
With more than 500 experts, doctors and medical staff expected to attend live and online, the conference will update the latest knowledge and experiences through 01 plenary session, 12 thematic sessions with a total of 28 report.

Information about the Conference:
1. Location: Lobby 6, 2nd Floor, Diamond Palace – Giao Giao Hotel (No. 6, Ho Tung Mau Street, Vinh City, Nghe An)
2. Time: 08h00, Saturday, December 10, 2022.
3. Main content:
- Opening conference
- Scientific report plenary session (4 papers)
- Thematic scientific reports: (24 papers)
+ Internal Medicine
+ Foreign Children
+ Maternity HT
+ HT Surgery

At this scientific conference, GENTIS promises to bring to doctors and experts the latest updated techniques of obstetrics and gynecology and reproductive support in the world for clinical application in diagnosis and treatment. cure. With the field of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, GENTIS is confident to bring meaningful products and attractive cooperation programs and gifts to the participants.
Once again, GENTIS would like to wish the Conference a great success. Let's update more information about the Conference at GENTIS Website and Fanpage or on website, fanpage of Nghe An Obstetrics and Children Hospital, Portal of Nghe An Department of Health.
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            [title] => GENTIS attended the National Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vietnam Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists VAGO 2022
            [description] =>  As an annual event, the National Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2022 will be solemnly held on December 6-7, 2022 with many domestic and international experts. GENTIS is honored to participate in the Conference with interesting specialized reports.
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The 2022 National Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology is an important event hosted by the Vietnam Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (VAGO) with the goal of developing professional capacity and scientific research for its members. The conference is also a place for members of the Vietnam Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and colleagues to exchange and share experiences in obstetrics and gynecology practice, update clinical guidelines and scientific research reports in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. gynecology in the world and in Vietnam.
Following the success of the previous congress, the National Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2022 has the presence of many well-known domestic and international experts to exchange and share experiences on clinical and paramedical clinical practice as well as updating new knowledge in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, neonatology, and assisted reproduction. The conference is organized in the form of HYBRID (virtual reality) to help members from all over the country connect. Not only limited to official members, the conference is open to all colleagues, doctors, pharmacists, scientists working in the field of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
In addition, the Conference was honored to welcome and build a symposium for the Board of Directors of the Asia and Oceania Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (AOFOG) chaired by Prof. Pisake Lumbiganon. Choosing Vietnam as the first destination during his tenure, Prof. Pisake Lumbiganon wants to seek opportunities for bilateral cooperation between the two associations in the future and consider making Vietnam the host country of AOFOG's conference. in the year 2023.
With more than 500 experts, doctors, medical staff expected to attend live and online, the conference will update the latest knowledge and experiences through 01 plenary session, 07 thematic sessions and 01 conference satellite conference.
Information about the Conference:
1. Time: 06 - 07 December 2022
2. Location: Sheraton Hanoi Hotel
3. Format: Direct combination Online
4. Main content:
• December 6th: Meeting of Executive Committee of Vietnam Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists & Opening of the National Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022
• December 7th:
08:30-9:30: Plenary session
10:00-11:40: Morning sessions
- Session 1A: Obstetrics
- Session 2A: Gynecological Oncology - Session 3A: Assisted Reproduction
13:00-14:00: Satellite Conference
14:00-16:30: Afternoon seminars
- Session 4B: Obstetrics and vaccines
- Session 5B: Gynecology
- Session 6B: Assisted Reproduction (continued)
- Session 7B: Other issues
Participating in this year's conference, GENTIS promises to bring to doctors and experts new up-to-date obstetric and gynecological testing techniques and reproductive support in the world for clinical application in diagnosis and treatment. cure. GENTIS would like to wish the Conference a great success. Let's update more information about the Conference at GENTIS Website and Fanpage!


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            [title] => Technology and application techniques in testing PGTest
            [description] => Up to now, the PGTest test has almost become a routine method to check for abnormalities related to the number, structure of chromosomes and genetic disorders of monogenic diseases in embryos worldwide.
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In recent years, the rate of infertility has continuously increased and more and more couples are choosing to use assisted reproductive technology to treat infertility [1]. One of them is the method of in vitro fertilization (IVF) with the most implementation rate. The goal of IVF is to select a good embryo for transfer to the mother's uterus and produce a clinically healthy pregnancy in the shortest possible time.
However, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in embryos cultured in vitro can be as high as 60% and this is strongly associated with implantation failure and high miscarriage rates [2]. Therefore, the genetic analysis test before embryo transfer, also known as PGTest (Preimplantation Genetic Testing) was born and marked a big turning point in the field of assisted reproduction. To date, the PGTest test has become a routine method to test for abnormalities related to the number, structure of chromosomes and genetic disorders of monogenic diseases in embryos worldwide.
Technology and application techniques in testing PGTest
The process of performing the PGTest test is quite complicated and requires a team of highly qualified personnel with modern facilities and equipment. Since its inception, the PGTest test has always been updated and optimized in technology to improve screening efficiency. Up to now, with the development of science and technology, many technologies have been developed and used for genetic analysis before embryo transfer such as:
• Fluorescence in situ hydridization (FISH) technique
• Microarray comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH)
• Next generation sequencing (NGS) technology.
Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, so which method for genetic analysis before embryo transfer has the highest accuracy and the most reasonable cost?
1. FISH - Fluorescence in situ hydridization
In 1995, fluorescence in situ hydridization (FISH) was first applied and considered the main method for genetic analysis before embryo transfer [4].
FISH is a technique of hybridization of fluorescent probes (DNA sequences) with fluorescent target DNA on chromosomes in the form of dividing (metaphase) or non-dividing (interphase) cells. Going through the steps of fixation, denaturation, and hybridization with fluorescein-labeled DNA, the sample will be analyzed under a fluorescence microscope to detect abnormalities in chromosomes and related genes.
However, FISH is limited by the number of fluorescent probes, thus limiting the number of chromosomes tested. Genetic analysis before embryo transfer using FISH only allows testing on five chromosomes, 13, 18, 21, X and Y [5]. In addition, the detection of mosaicism or microdeletion/repeat mutations in embryos is still limited.

2. Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization technique
Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was applied immediately after FISH. It is a molecular cytogenetic technique to detect genome-wide chromosomal changes with high resolution, aCGH compares a patient's genome with a reference genome and identifies differences. differentiate between the two genomes and thereby identify the region of genomic imbalance in the patient.
This technique was able to detect abnormalities on all 24 chromosomes and mosaicism in embryos, which is far superior to the previous FISH method. However, aCGH is still very limited to detect deletion/repeat mutations or syndromes related to structural abnormalities of chromosomes.

3. New Generation Gene Sequencing (NGS) Technology
This technology is considered the current standard in genetic analysis before embryo transfer. Unlike the above two methods, the NGS approach is based on the direct determination of the nucleic acid sequence of a certain DNA or cDNA molecule. NGS helps to deal with larger-scale datasets, at a much lower recurring cost.
When compared with the above two methods, the researchers showed that:
(1) FISH detection of chromosomal abnormalities is much more limited than aCGH and NGS, because FISH only detects abnormalities on five chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y while aCGH and NGS can detect chromosomal abnormalities on all 24 chromosomes [6];
(2) Using next generation gene sequencing (NGS) technology improves the survival rate related to the ability to detect abnormal embryos better than FISH and aCGH technology [7].
From that, it can be seen that the application of NGS technology in genetic analysis testing before embryo transfer has improved and improved the efficiency of screening for abnormalities in embryos, helping to increase the rate of conception and birth of healthy babies. strong.

Next Generation Sequencing – NGS also has many different platforms, including: Illumina sequencing, Proton/PGM (Ion Torrent) sequencing and PacBio RS II sequencing. Each technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, studies around the world have also evaluated the effectiveness of each technology platform when applied in genetic analysis before embryo transfer. The common advantages of the new generation gene sequencing platforms are the analysis of the entire 24 chromosomes, the detection of microdeletion/duplication mutations and a number of syndromes related to structural abnormalities of chromosomes.

Because the Ion Torrent sequencing platform uses semiconductor technology, not optical technology to measure signals, the time to read and analyze results is fast, and the system is compact. But the limitation of Ion Torrent is that the read length is only about 100 - 250 bp, so at the bases behind the readability will gradually decrease and it is difficult to accurately count the continuous repeating sequence of a nucleotide. Although the machine system is compact, the implementation process is relatively complicated and includes many steps, which is also a cause of errors from many stages of the testing process [8].
As for Illumina's technology platform, the outstanding advantage is in the ability to analyze sequences of a continuously repeating nucleotide and with a read length of 36 - 600 bp, which is larger than that of Ion Torrent. In addition, llumina's technology platform is also proven to have large reading coverage, increasing the readability of the results in the most optimal way.
According to the 2020 statistics, Illumina's technology platform is now more commonly used by the world's scientific community than the Ion Torrent technology platform. However, Illumina sequencing has the disadvantage of longer data analysis time and higher cost compared to Ion Torrent technology.

PacBio RS II's technology platform is developed following Illumina's technology platform, with the advantage of large read length, about 10-15 kb with significantly faster result analysis time than Ion Torrent and Illumina. However, PacBio RS II sequencing has a low throughput, PacBio RS II reads are only about 50,000 per run, so the error rate is still high, and the test cost is also higher. compared to the two platforms Ion Torrent and Illumina [9]

With new generation gene sequencing (NGS) technology platforms, outstanding advantages are in depth and resolution, the ability to screen and detect abnormalities with high accuracy. In particular, Illumina's technology platform is considered a trend with the advantages of deeper coverage analysis, so the accuracy is also higher, the price is reasonable, the applicability is wide, and it is considered a standard in genetic analysis before embryo transfer.
Technological foundation of PGTest testing at GENTIS
The technology platform used in this assay is Illumina sequencing on the MiSeq system - Illumina, USA, and the analysis software BlueFuse Multi has been shown to have a sensitivity and specificity of up to 99%. With the advantages of the Illumina technology platform such as: the ability to analyze deep coverage, read consecutive repeat sequences of a nucleotide, the PGTesst test at GENTIS helps to increase the rate of selecting high-quality embryos for testing. transferred to the mother's uterus, thereby increasing the rate of successful clinical pregnancy when performing in vitro fertilization (IVF).

 
GENTIS is offering 3 pre-transfer genetic testing packages PGT-A, PGT-SR and PGT-M to help select embryos without chromosomal abnormalities, supporting pre-optimized embryo selection. when transferred into the mother's uterus. In addition, GENTIS also launched the PGT Max 1 test package - a breakthrough test from PGTest, exclusively improved with outstanding advantages that no other unit in Vietnam has been able to perform.
The special feature of this test is that in addition to detecting quantitative and structural abnormalities on all 24 chromosomes and common syndromes caused by mutations >5Mb in size, PGT Max 1 can also detected 2 more common microdeletion abnormalities with small size of only 2Mb including 22q11.2 deletion (associated with DiGeorge syndrome) and 1p36 deletion (associated with 1p36 deletion syndrome).
At GENTIS, we are constantly trying to improve service quality, applying the most modern and advanced testing technologies and techniques to bring customers the most comprehensive solutions, contributing to improving the quality of services. effective care and protection of human health.

References:
[1] Vander Borght M., Wyns C. Fertility and infertility: definition and epidemiology. ClinicalBiochemistry . 2018;62:2–10. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012.
[2] Franasiak J. M., Forman E. J., Hong K. H., et al. The nature of aneuploidy with increasing age of the female partner: a review of 15,169 consecutive trophectoderm biopsies evaluated with comprehensive chromosomal screening. Fertility and Sterility . 2014;101(3):656–663. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.11.004.
[3] Handyside, A H et al. “Pregnancies from biopsied human preimplantation embryos sexed by Y-specific DNA amplification.” Nature vol. 344,6268 (1990): 768-70. doi:10.1038/344768a0
[4] Griffin D.K., Ogur C. Chromosomal analysis in IVF: Just how useful is it? Reproduction. 2018;156:F29–F50. doi: 10.1530/REP-17-0683.
[5] Rius M., Obradors A., Daina G., Ramos L., Pujol A., Martínez-Passarell O. Detection of unbalanced chromosome segregations in preimplantation genetic diagnosis of translocations by short comparative genomic hybridization. Fertil Steril. 2011;96:134–142.
[6] Cornelisse, Simone et al. “Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (abnormal number of chromosomes) in in vitro fertilisation.” The Cochrane database of systematic reviews vol. 9,9 CD005291. 8 Sep. 2020, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005291.pub3
[7] Bartels, Chantal B et al. “In vitro fertilization outcomes after preimplantation genetic testing for chromosomal structural rearrangements comparing fluorescence in-situ hybridization, microarray comparative genomic hybridization, and next-generation sequencing.” F&S reports vol. 1,3 249-256. 25 Sep. 2020, doi:10.1016/j.xfre.2020.09.011
[8] Lahens, Nicholas F et al. “A comparison of Illumina and Ion Torrent sequencing platforms in the context of differential gene expression.” BMC genomics vol. 18,1 602. 10 Aug. 2017, doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4011-0
[9] Rhoads, Anthony, and Kin Fai Au. “PacBio Sequencing and Its Applications.” Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics vol. 13,5 (2015): 278-89. doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2015.08.002
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            [title] => Application of PGT-M test in preimplantation embryo screening
            [description] => PGT-M is used to describe the term Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). This test is done on embryos to detect genetic diseases caused by pre-directed mutations or clear family history.
            [content] => 
PGT-M was first reported in 1990, indicating the genetic diagnosis of embryos at risk for an X-linked genetic disorder. With this technique we can examine the genome of embryos from a very early stage, from which abnormal fragments on a particular gene are inherited from the parents. From there, the embryos homozygous for the disease gene will be removed before being transferred to the mother's uterus. The effectiveness of this method has been proven to help limit the number of babies born with the disease as well as limit the need to terminate the pregnancy mid-term. [first]
PGT-M is used to help individuals or couples reduce the risk of having a child with a known genetic disorder caused by a single gene mutation such as cystic fibrosis, thalassemia, hemophilia Hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myelodysplasia, congenital muscular dystrophy, congenital adrenal hyperplasia,... [2]
In addition, in the future, this technique is also directed to be applied in the treatment of siblings of children who have been born but have the disease. With PGT-M, it is possible to diagnose human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching of embryos with diseased siblings. Stem cells from umbilical cord blood of children born from embryos selected through PGT-M technique will help treat diseased siblings. [3]
Basically, to perform the PGT-M technique, couples need to have assisted reproduction by in vitro fertilization. The generated embryos will be raised to day 5. With the qualified day 5 embryos (blastocysts or blastocysts) biopsies will be performed (3-5 embryo cells are removed from the area where the cells will develop into the placenta. after that). Cell samples after biopsy will be applied special testing methods to detect disease-carrying genes
The technology used in the PGT-M test is SNP and STR analysis to detect single-gene mutations inherited from the father and mother to the embryo. Nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarrays detect single nucleotide pairs in genomic DNA that vary widely within a given species. An array typically evaluates about 300,000 SNPs spaced in the genome and provides one genotype per sample relative to the reference genome, thus identifying the entire chromosome aneuploidy, about 250 common structural aberrations. SNPs can also be used for molecular cytometry to detect the intensity ratio of B-to-A alleles at heterozygous loci, allowing for high-resolution deletion and duplication detection. Some limitations of SNP microarrays include limited ability to detect structural abnormalities below 5 MB, inability to detect balanced chromosomal rearrangements, and genetic abnormalities in a single pair. Linked spouses may not be detected because the SNP may be homozygous at each site. [4]
The PGT-M test is indicated in cases where there is a history of a spouse carrying the disease gene, or a family member with a genetic disease caused by a genetic mutation such as a recessive monogenic disease (eg, celiac disease). cysts), monogenic diseases (eg, Huntington's disease), sex-linked disorders (eg, Duchenne muscular dystrophy), chromosomal disorders (eg, translocations), predictor of cancer (breast cancer, cervical cancer ...) or determine HLA compatibility (to select embryos compatible with HLA antigens with a sick brother or sister requiring bone marrow transplant, blood transfusion. This person can donate bone marrow, cure your disease). For patients at risk of passing a genetic disease on to their children, PGT-M helps reduce risk, increase the likelihood of a healthy baby, and avoid ethically and emotionally challenging decisions. when deciding whether or not to terminate a pregnancy if a pregnancy has a genetic abnormality.
In clinical practice, the PGT-M test is often combined with performing the PGT-A/SR test before performing the PGT-M test to help comprehensively assess embryo quality and improve the success rate of assisted reproductive methods. Patients with monogenic disorders are mainly young patients and have a good prognosis, they still have a high risk of spontaneous abortion. In recent years, many studies have reported that when embryos are combined with PGT-A and PGT-M screening, pregnancy rates can be increased from 45% to 68% and spontaneous abortion rates decreased from 15 % down to 5%. [5]
Furthermore, the inclusion of PGT-A screening is appropriate for the majority of women undergoing IVF. All women are at risk of creating embryos with chromosomal abnormalities (trisomy 13, 18, 21, monosomy 23); As maternal age increases, the chance of embryos with chromosomal abnormalities increases. However, PGT-A can help women of all ages increase their chances of successful fertilization and embryo transfer. Chromosomal rearrangements (or chromosomal disorders) are mutations, deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations of chromosome segments. People with chromosomal rearrangements are at risk of creating embryos with incorrect levels and sequences of genetic material, which often do not lead to successful conception. This phenomenon may be inherited or may occur spontaneously. Many people with balanced chromosomal rearrangements (segments, translocations) can remain healthy and unaware of their condition until they try to have children. For those with chromosomal rearrangements, PGT-SR may be performed to improve the chances of a healthy pregnancy. [6]
References:
[1] De Rycke, M., & Berckmoes, V. (2020). Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders. Genes, 11(8), 871. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11080871
[2] Sullivan-Pyke, C., & Dokras, A. (2018). Preimplantation Genetic Screening and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America, 45(1), 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2017.10.009
[3] Kakourou G., Kahraman S., Ekmekci G.C., Tac H.A., Kourlaba G., Kourkouni E., Sanz A.C., Martin J., Malmgren H., Giménez C., et al. The clinical utility of PGD with HLA matching: A collaborative multi-centre ESHRE study. Hum. Reprod. 2018;33:520–530. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dex384
[4] Sullivan-Pyke, C., & Dokras, A. (2018). Preimplantation Genetic Screening and Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America, 45(1), 113–125. doi:10.1016/j.ogc.2017.10.009
[5] Unsal, E., Aktuna, S., Aydin, M., Ozer, L., & Baltacı, V. (2019). 69. IMPROVED IVF SUCCESS OF COMBINED PGT-M AND PGT-A APPLICATIONS. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 39, e69-e70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.04.122
[6] Sciorio, R., Tramontano, L., & Catt, J. (2020). Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A): status and future challenges. Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 36(1), 6–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2019.1641194
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            [title] => Updating the knowledge of andrology at the Scientific Conference - Vietnam Association of Sex Medicine 2022
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  The 2022 National Scientific Conference of the Vietnam Association of Sex Medicine took place from 18 to 19 November 2022 with the scale of more than 300 medical doctors, medical experts in the field of reproductive health, sexual health and related disciplines nationwide.

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The national scientific conference in 2022, bringing together the presenters who are leading associate professors, doctors, and doctors in the field of sex medicine at home and abroad, has attracted a lot of attention from experts. colleagues everywhere. Here, the conference was held live and online with the topic: Renewing the penis, hypogonadism, sexual health, proper use of male drugs in the treatment of sexual dysfunction...
In addition, we have updated the best and latest medical information and knowledge in the classification, diagnosis and treatment of male and female sexual health. This is very necessary in the context that sexual health care has not been paid enough attention by many people.
The conference brings together many experts specializing in masculinity, genetics, and sex medicine across the country such as:
- Assoc.Prof.TS.BS. Nguyen Quang - President of Vietnam Association of Sex Medicine
- Assoc.Prof.TS.BS. Tran Duc Phan - President of Vietnam Medical Genetics Association
- Assoc. Prof. TS.BS Le Minh Tam - Deputy Director of Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hue University Hospital of Medicine and Pharmacy
- TS.BS. Mai Ba Tien Dung - Head of the Department of Andrology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City
- Dr. Trinh Hoang Giang - Deputy Director of the Center for Andrology, Viet Duc Hospital
...
 
The first day of the conference consisted of 5 major thematic sessions and 28 articles of scientific overview, thematic, and video with up-to-date knowledge in classification, diagnosis and treatment by experienced experts in the field of science and technology. 
Session 1: Plenary session
Session 2: Andrology - Penile pathology surgery and penis renewal
Session 3: International Report (ISSM - APSSM virtual webinar)
Session 4: Male and female sexual dysfunction
The reports are divided into different sessions, especially with discussion sections, sharing about cases, clinical situations in the industry and offering solutions to help solve treatment in the field of gender medicine. fertility and reproductive health.
Sex medicine is a relatively complex field of expertise, with a strong intersection of most of the different specialties of both modern and traditional medicine. Therefore, the Conference affirmed the following issues: those who practice sex medicine need to have a solid background, a wide knowledge base not only specialized but also psychological and social understanding.
The second day of the conference was the CME continuous training program with 6 different lectures on gender medicine, male and female sexual health care. Highlights include lectures on:
- The role of genetics in male and female hypogonadism - Assoc
- Treatment of Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome New update from PRISM 2022 and actual treatment in Vietnam - Dr. Trinh Hoang Giang
...The course is a valuable opportunity for Delegates and Doctors across the country to exchange, learn and exchange knowledge and updates in sex health care and reproductive medicine.

GENTIS is honored to accompany the Gender Medicine Association in this year's event. Through the conference, GENTIS contributed to providing a number of useful knowledge documents about Gynecological Testing for doctors and experts in the field of genetic analysis.
In the report of Dr. Trinh Hoang Giang on Testosterone Treatment Update, Dr. Giang has affirmed genetics as a factor that can determine the ultimate influence of testosterone in men on health outcomes. Deputy Director of the Center for Andrology (Viet Duc Hospital) has offered a number of masculinity tests to support the diagnosis and treatment of hypogonadism such as:
- Karyotype test
- Global Male Fertiscan test
Sperm aneuploidy test (SAT)
- Test to determine the location of the loss of the AZF . segment
Sperm DNA fragmentation test
Anti-sperm antibody test
- CFTR test
- Testing for STDs
...
GENTIS is proud to be the unit that provides a complete set of male tests to meet the specified needs of doctors. The center always develops and updates the best and most advanced testing services and packages to customers and partners for the purpose of diagnosing and treating the best disease for infertile men. Once again, congratulations to the Conference on a great success and bringing useful knowledge to all doctors and experts nationwide.
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            [meta_title] => Updating the knowledge of andrology at the Scientific Conference - Vietnam Association of Sex Medici
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            [title] => PGT preimplantation genetic screening - IVF success rate enhancing factor
            [description] => At the program "Genetics Counseling - Discuss with experts" broadcast live on the GENTIS Fanpage on November 18, interesting medical knowledge about the field of assisted reproduction was provided from two experts. BSCCII Du Huynh Hong Ngoc & Mr. Nguyen Quang Vinh. Let's take a look at the information from the last event.
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With the topic "PGT TEST - FACTOR FOR INCREASE IVF SUCCESS RATE", a lot of knowledge about assisted reproductive technology was exchanged by leading experts in genetic testing and obstetrics. The program had the presence of Doctor CKII Du Huynh Hong Ngoc (Head of Reproductive Support Unit - Phuong Chau International Hospital) and Mr. Nguyen Quang Vinh (Director of GENTIS Testing Center) and received the attraction of a large number of doctors and audiences across the country.
At the program, CKII Doctor Du Huynh Hong Ngoc shared about the current situation of infertility in Vietnamese families, which tends to increase, accounting for about 10-12% of couples in the reproductive age (According to the Ministry of Health). Accordingly, the method to help infertile families to have children early and have healthy children is to perform in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Doctor Ngoc further discussed, in order to successfully perform an IVF case, the PGT test - Preimplantation embryo screening is one of the decisive factors and brings great significance. About 80% of successful IVF cycles involve the embryo, so the PGT technique was born as a "salvage" for cases of implantation failure and repeated miscarriages. PGT test helps to screen good embryos, not carrying abnormalities and not carrying genetic diseases. Thereby helping women increase the rate of pregnancy, conception, reduce the rate of miscarriage and multiple pregnancy.
As the head of the fertility support unit and has performed for many patients, Dr. Ngoc affirmed that in the PGT test, there are many factors to ensure the accuracy of test results such as:
- The embryonologist's procedure for performing an embryo biopsy must be precise and meticulous
- Strict sample preservation process (cold temperature, avoiding affecting sample quality will cause erroneous results)
- Transported to a standard laboratory (ISO), with extensive experience in performing PGT, with new and modern techniques and widely applied in tests such as NSG - new generation gene sequencing.
Therefore, specialists should update their knowledge about assisted reproduction, especially the PGT test, so that they can best assign the patient and find a loved one soon. In addition, doctors should contact reliable testing sites to perform the most accurate test for customers. In addition, doctors should also disseminate information about factors that help in IVF success to infertile families so that couples can have more appropriate awareness and choose the most suitable reproductive support methods.

In addition to the sharing of the Head of Reproductive Support Unit - Phuong Chau International Hospital, the representative of GENTIS, Master Nguyen Quang Vinh (Director of the Fertility Center) also shared a lot of useful information about the PGT test.
The PGT test, also known as Pre-Transfer Genetic Screening, is capable of detecting problems in an embryo such as:
- PGT - A: Detecting abnormal number of 24 chromosomes of embryo
- PGT - SR: Detecting abnormality of chromosomal structure of embryos with size >5Mb
- PGT - M: Detecting genetic abnormalities of single genes (Thalassaemia, Myelodystrophy, Adrenal hyperplasia...)
Up to now, there have been many studies around the world evaluating the significance of PGT in the field of assisted reproduction such as:
- A 2015 and 2016 study published information that using PGT increases the pregnancy rate, reduces the duration of pregnancy, reduces the risk of multiple pregnancies and increases the rate of live births.
- Research by the Medical University in New Jersey (USA) also shows that PGT helps increase the pregnancy rate and live birth rate.
- In Vietnam alone, GENTIS company has had a study published in the international genetic journal "Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, USA" with the content "Development and application of genetic testing before embryo transfer" (PGT-M) for beta thalassemia in Vietnam"
These are the steps that GENTIS has taken in the field of assisted reproduction, in order to affirm its leading position in the field of testing, especially as the first unit to deploy PGT testing in Vietnam since 2014 and has done for more than 30 fertility centers across the country
Master Vinh believes that GENTIS's success and connection with many IVF centers across the country is the rigorous testing process to ensure the accuracy of the results. The process requires close coordination between the fertility unit and the GENTIS Laboratory from taking the biopsy sample, how to store the sample, and how to transport it. The Director of GENTIS Testing Center shared about the implementation process as follows:
- Step 1: IVF - In vitro fertilization is performed and the embryos are grown in embryo culture
- Step 2: Biopsy day 3 or day 5, collect 1 amount of cells. This is an important technique that requires precision and skill of the doctor
- Step 3: Biopsy embryos are transferred to GENTIS Laboratory for analysis
- Step 4: Embryos with normal results are selected for embryo transfer. The remaining normal embryos are frozen for later use

Compared to other units, GENTIS has always proven to be different and superior in technology and ensures the accuracy of the PGTest test. GENTIS uses the entire system of sequencing machines, chemicals and analysis software of Illumina - USA. Around the world, up to 80% of units use Illumina's system with many scientific research publications about accuracy, high resolution, detecting more diseases with small size.
In addition, the time to return results of Illumina is much faster than other brands such as PG-Seq, Chromint (China)... GENTIS's use of the Illumina system brings outstanding advantages to customers to help doctors and couples give birth to healthy babies.
Master Nguyen Quang Vinh further shared, GENTIS's future orientation in the field of reproductive support is to constantly improve and update new services to help meet the needs of doctors as well as help many couples have a genetic disease to have a healthy baby. In 2022, GENTIS launched the PGT MAX 1 test - A superior technology compared to conventional PGT, to help detect embryo abnormalities related to 2 common microdeletion syndromes >2mb in size, Digeorge's Syndrome. and 1p36 deletion syndrome. Thanks to this improvement, GENTIS is gradually realizing the goal of developing assisted reproductive testing, bringing advanced technology in the world to Vietnam.
The selection of a healthy embryo, without genetic defects is a very important factor for successful implementation of an assisted reproduction. Hopefully, the useful information shared by the two experts in the "Genetics Counseling - Discussing with Experts" program this time will help specialized doctors and infertile families to better understand the meaning of infertility genetic screening before embryo transfer. GENTIS will continue to bring more programs to serve doctors and customers.
According to the Public Brand Newspaper
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            [title] => Ca sinh đôi hy hữu tại Việt nam
            [description] => Ngày 09/11/2022 trên các trang báo điện tử đồng loạt đưa tin về một ca sinh đôi rất hiếm gặp tại Bệnh viện phụ sản Hà Nội và cũng là lần đầu tiên được phát hiện tại Việt Nam. 
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Theo các bác sĩ và các nhà chuyên môn thì ca sinh đôi này được sinh ra từ cùng một trứng nhưng có hai kiểu gen khác nhau. Đó chính là điều khác lạ của ca sinh đôi này.
Thông thường các trường hợp sinh đôi có thể gặp khi: Hai trứng thụ tinh với 2 tinh trùng, và vì vậy hai trẻ sinh ra sẽ có kiểu gen khác nhau hoặc 1 trứng thụ tinh với 1 tinh trùng rồi sau đó phân tách ra ở giai đoạn sớm của phôi để tạo nên hai trẻ giống hệt nhau về ngoại hình và có kiểu gen giống nhau. 
                         
Do đó, xét về khía cạnh khoa học cũng như tìm hiểu nguyên nhân về ca sinh đôi đặc biệt này được hiểu như thế nào. Đây thực sự là câu trả lời khó vì nó rất hiếm gặp. Hầu như các nhà chuyên môn đều cho rằng: “Bất thường khi mới ở dạng hợp tử, tạo ra hai thai, cùng trứng, khác kiểu gen” và “Đột biến phát sinh trong quá trình tạo giao tử” hoặc “Bất thường phân bào ngay ở lần phân chia 1, 2. Sau đó tế bào có thừa nhiễm sắc thể, không phát triển”…
Trường hợp sinh đôi cùng trứng, khác kiểu gen đã từng được phát hiện trên thế giới; ca đầu tiên được phát hiện vào năm 2007 tại Mỹ và đã được đăng tải trên tạp chí New England of Medicine. Theo các bác sĩ cho biết thì ca song sinh này bị lưỡng tính – có cơ quan sinh dục không rõ ràng. Còn trường hợp thứ 2 được phát hiện vào năm 2014, một phụ nữ 28 tuổi tại tiểu bang Brisbane – Australia cũng sinh đôi hai bé và được xác định là cùng trứng khác kiểu gen và giới tính khác nhau. Theo Tiến sĩ Michael Gabbett, Trường đại học công nghệ Brisbane cho rằng: ca sinh đôi cùng trứng khác kiểu gen này là do có 2 tinh trùng khác nhau thụ tinh với cùng 1 trứng, như vậy sẽ tạo thành phôi có 3 bộ nhiễm sắc thể (Triploid) và theo quy luật thông thường sẽ không thể sống sót và bị xảy thai. Thế nhưng hiện tượng này không xảy ra và được giải thích như sau: Sau khi thụ tinh, nhiễm sắc thể của 2 tinh trùng và 1 trứng được tạo thành 3 “khối tế bào di truyền”. Những tế bào chứa nhiễm sắc thể từ 2 tinh trùng sẽ bị chết, còn những tế bào chứa nhiễm sắc thể bao gồm cả trứng và tinh trùng sẽ tiếp tục phân chia thành 2 và phát triển để tạo thành 2 phôi.
    
              Sự hình thành phôi sinh đôi cùng trứng khác kiểu gen (Michael Gabbett)
Từ một hiện tượng rất hiếm sảy ra trong sản khoa, nhưng mỗi người lại có lý giải khác nhau. Vậy nên có thể nói rằng: bất cứ điều gì cũng có thể xảy ra mà không thể biết hết được. Hy vọng rằng trong tương lai, các nhà chuyên môn sẽ có được lời giải thích thấu đáo.
Đây chỉ là tập hợp những thông tin khoa học để mọi người tham khảo.
                                                                                       Hà Quốc Khanh
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            [title] => Cực hiếm: Việt Nam lần đầu phát hiện ca “song thai cùng trứng khác giới tính, kiểu gen”
            [description] => Ngày 9/11 vừa qua,  Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội đã tổ chức một buổi họp báo, công bố phát hiện một ca bệnh rất hiếm: Song thai cùng trứng nhưng khác nhau kiểu hình và gene. 
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Mới đây, Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội đã tiếp nhận một trường hợp là thai phụ 23 tuổi, mang thai lần đầu, thai tự nhiên đến khám. Kết quả siêu âm cho thấy chung một bánh rau, 2 buồng ối từ tuần thai thứ 8. 
Thai phụ đến Đơn vị Can thiệp bào thai - Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội thăm khám ở tuần thai 16 do được phát hiện một thai phù. Sau khi hội chẩn, siêu âm và chọc ối, các bác sĩ phát hiện: thai A phù thai, giới tính trên siêu âm là nữ, kiểu gen nữ Turner (45,X). Còn thai B bình thường về mặt hình thái và giới tính trên siêu âm là nam, kiểu gen nam (46,XY). 


Bên cạnh đó, các xét nghiệm di truyền chuyên sâu khác cũng đã được thực hiện và chứng minh rằng 2 thai này chung một trứng nhưng có kiểu gen khác nhau. Trường hợp này được cho là cực kỳ hiếm và chưa từng có trong y văn bởi vì theo tài liệu y văn trên thế giới, song thai cùng trứng giống nhau hoàn toàn về kiểu gen, kiểu hình, cùng giới tính.
Ngoài ra, các bác sĩ cũng phát hiện thai nam có mất một đoạn gene Y, điều này sẽ ảnh hưởng tới khả năng sinh sản sau này. Do thai bị khiếm khuyết về di truyền, bất thường về gen cùng khả năng duy trì thai khó nên gia đình đã xin đình chỉ thai nghén cả 2 thai. 
Giáo sư Trần Đức Phấn, Chủ tịch Hội di truyền học Việt Nam cho biết có nhiều vấn đề đặt ra thông qua ca này. Việt Nam đã áp dụng được kỹ thuật di truyền mới, chẩn đoán bệnh tốt hơn. Bên cạnh đó, khi xuất hiện ca bất thường, bệnh viện không chỉ tư vấn đặc điểm bệnh lý, mà còn có trách nhiệm tư vấn, phán đoán về khả năng sinh sống, tái tạo thế hệ tiếp theo. Vì vậy, y bác sĩ phải đi đến cùng ca bệnh bất thường để tìm hiểu nguyên nhân và giải đáp.
Đối với trường hợp nói trên, các chuyên gia thống nhất em bé có bất thường khi mới ở dạng hợp tử, tạo ra hai thai cùng trứng khác gene, khác giới tính. Cặp vợ chồng này vẫn có khả năng mang thai bình thường trong tương lai, sinh ra em bé khỏe mạnh, ít khả năng mang đa thai.


Ca này cũng nhắc nhở các bác sĩ sản khoa và nhà di truyền học cần phán đoán khách quan khi gặp trường hợp mang đa thai, không được phép chỉ xét nghiệm một thai và áp dụng phán đoán cho thai còn lại.
"Có những cơ chế di truyền tưởng như nắm chắc nhưng vẫn phải xem xét kỹ lưỡng để chẩn đoán, tránh suy đoán phiến diện", giáo sư Phấn nói.

Qua đó, chúng ta có thể thấy các xét nghiệm di truyền trước khi mang thai là cực kỳ quan trọng và cần thiết để dự đoán khả năng con sinh ra có bị bệnh rối loạn di truyền nào hay không. Bên cạnh đó các y bác sĩ cũng sẽ có phương án can thiệp thích hợp và kịp thời khi có kết quả xét nghiệm bất thường.

Là đơn vị đã nhiều năm phối hợp cùng Bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội cùng rất nhiều trung tâm hỗ trợ sinh sản, bệnh viện khác, Công ty GENTIS vinh dự và tự hào khi có thể đóng góp nhiều xét nghiệm di truyền, hỗ trợ các y bác sĩ triển khai những kỹ thuật mới nhất, tốt nhất cho người bệnh. GENTIS hứa hẹn sẽ luôn không ngừng cố gắng, nỗ lực phát triển để mang lại thật nhiều tiếng cười, hạnh phúc tới các gia đình trên cả nước.
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